Articles
Books
- Andrews, Professor Department of History George Reid., Andrews, George Reid. The Afro-Argentines of Buenos Aires, 1800-1900. United Kingdom: University of Wisconsin Press, 1980. [PDF]
- Blakely, Allison. 2000. Blacks in the Dutch World: The Evolution of Racial Imagery in a Modern Society Bloomington u.a: Indiana Univ. Press.
- Earle, T. F., and K. J. P. Lowe. 2005. Black Africans in Renaissance Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
- Hine, Darlene Clark, Trica Danielle Keaton, and Stephen Small. 2009. Black Europe and the African Diaspora. Urbana : University of Illinois Press
- Houston, Drusilla Dunjee, 1985: Wonderful Ethiopians of the Ancient Cushite Empire Book I. Baltimore, MD: Black Classic Press.
- Jackson, John G., 1970. Introduction to African Civilizations. New York, N.Y: Citadel Press Kensington PublishingCorp.
- Rogers, J. A. 1980. Nature Knows No Color-Line: Research Into The Negro Ancestry In The White Race. St. Petersburg, FL: Helga M. Rogers.
- Rogers, J. A. 1944. Sex And Race; Negro-Caucasian Mixing in All Ages and All Lands Vol. I. New York: H.M. Rogers.
- Rogers, J. A. 1989. Your History: From the Beginning of Time to the Present. Baltimore, Md: Black Classic Press.
Dark Skin and Blue Eyes
- Briggs, Helen. “DNA from Stone Age woman obtained 6,000 years on,” BBC News, December 17, 2019.
- Lewis, Sophie. “Scientists discover DNA of ancient woman on 5,700-year-old "chewing gum"” CBS News, DECEMBER 18, 2019.
- Morelle, Rebecca. “Hunter-gatherer European had blue eyes and dark skin,” BBC News, January 27, 2014.
- Rincon, Paul. “Cheddar Man: DNA shows early Briton had dark skin,” BBC News, February 23, 2018.
- Weisberger, Mindy. “Reconstruction of a 7000 year old dark skinned woman from Sweden,” – Original People.org, November 15, 2019.
Britain
First European
Roman Britain
Beachy Head Lady
Roman Britain Cont.
Beachy Head Lady Cont.
- Zolfagharifard, Ellie. “The 1,800-year-old face of the ‘Beachy Head Lady’: Ancient skeleton of an African woman buried in Britain during Roman times,” Originalpeople.org, February o4, 2014.
- The Beachy Head Lady – Wikipedia
The Ivory Bangle Lady
- Eckardt, Ph.D, Hella. "Roman Britain: The Ivory Bangle Lady,” Our Migration Story.org.
- Edwards, Lin. “Roman era York may have been more diverse than today,” Phys.org, March 01, 2010.
- “Ivory Bangle Lady” – Yorkshire Museum
- Kennedy, Maev (). "African origin of Roman York's rich lady with the ivory bangle". The Guardian, February 26, 2010.
- “Roman remains in York are 'elite' African woman” – BBC News, February 26, 2010.
- The Ivory Bangle Lady – Wikipedia
Russia
- Blakely, Allison. “The Negro in Imperial Russia: A Preliminary Sketch,” The Journal of Negro History, Vol.61, No. 4 (Oct., 1976), pgs. 351-361. [No Link]
- Blakely, Allison, 1986: Russia and the Negro Blacks in Russian History and Thought. Washington, DC: Howard University Press. [No Link]
- Holte, Clarence, 2000. “The Black in Pre-Revolutionary Russia,” in African Presence in Early Europe, Ivan Van Sertima, ed., New Brunswick (U.S.A.): Transaction Publishers. [No Link]
Videos
Websites
- “"Aethiops quidam e Numero Militari" - Black Africans in the Roman Army,” – Ian Ross Novelist
- The African Star Over Europe: A Selected Bibliography Of The African Presence In Early Europe Compiled by Runoko Rashidi.
- Afro-Germanica Online
- Black British History
- Black people in France – Wikizero
- Blakeley, Allison. "Problems in Studying the Role of Blacks in Europe," Perspective on History [American Historical Association], May 1997.
- The Black Presence in Britain
- The Black Presence in Pre-20th Century Europe: A Hidden History – Blackpast.org
- “A History of Black people in Europe,” Afro-Europe International Blog
- People of Color in European Art History
- Black people in Ireland – Wikipedia